आजको पञ्चाङ्ग बुझौं
आजको पञ्चाङ्गका पाँच अङ्ग र वास्तविक गणना।
Tithi तिथि
- आज Kathmandu मा
- दशमी (krishna) → एकादशी (krishna)
- कति
- 30 per lunar month
- सूत्र
- (Moon longitude − Sun longitude) ÷ 12°
- दशमी: 11-03 12:09 – 11:18
- एकादशी: 11:18 – 11-05 10:50
विस्तृत व्याख्या अहिले अङ्ग्रेजीमा छ। नेपाली अनुवाद तयार र समीक्षा हुँदैछ।
Every 12° the Moon gains on the Sun marks one tithi. Thirty tithis make a lunar month: fifteen while the Moon grows (Shukla paksha, the bright half), fifteen while it fades (Krishna paksha, the dark half). The 15th of the bright half is Purnima (full moon); the last of the dark half is Amavasya or Aunsi (new moon).
Because the Moon's speed varies, a tithi is not a fixed 24 hours: it lasts between roughly 19 and 26 hours. That is why a tithi can begin and end at any time of day and why two festivals can seem to 'shift' from year to year on the Gregorian calendar.
Each tithi has a presiding deity and a traditional character: Ekadashi (11th) is a fasting day for Vishnu devotees, Chaturthi for Ganesha, Ashtami for Durga, Amavasya is the day for rites for ancestors and Purnima is a full-moon observance.
The Moon-Sun angle is precisely the lunar phase. The tithi is a clean way to count it; its religious significance is cultural.
यो कसरी गणना हुन्छ
Astavya computes the Moon's and Sun's sidereal longitudes, subtracts, divides by 12° and rounds down. The start and end instants are found by solving for the moment that elongation crosses a multiple of 12°.
संस्कृति र इतिहास
Most Nepali festivals (Dashain, Tihar, Janai Purnima) are defined by a tithi in a lunar month, not by a fixed date, which is why they move on the Gregorian calendar.
स्रोतहरू
- Vedanga Jyotisha, attributed to Lagadha. The earliest surviving text of Indian astronomy-for-ritual-timing (calendar, tithis, nakshatras). Its date is debated by scholars.
- Surya Siddhanta, traditional astronomical treatise, revised across centuries. A classical Sanskrit astronomy text used for computing planetary positions and calendars.
- Calendrical Calculations, Nachum Dershowitz and Edward M. Reingold. Computes Hindu lunisolar and solar calendars alongside many others, with explicit algorithms.
These are the works the tradition and the astronomy draw on. Astavya paraphrases them; verse-level quotations are not reproduced, and editorial review by a qualified Jyotisha scholar is pending.
गणना, प्रत्यक्ष
2026-11-04 11:18 UTC मा सूर्य र चन्द्रमाको वास्तविक स्थिति प्रयोग गरिएको छ। दिनको पञ्चाङ्ग सूर्योदयमा आधारित हुन्छ, त्यसैले यहाँको मान अलि फरक हुन सक्छ।
- निरयन राशिचक्रमा (मेषको सुरुबाट) सूर्य 197.82° र चन्द्रमा 140.76° मा छन्।
- चन्द्रमा घटाउ सूर्य = 302.95°।
- १२° ले भाग गरेर माथि पूर्णाङ्क: तिथि संख्या 26, Krishna पक्षको Ekadashi।
विधिको उदाहरण। तारामित्रका पञ्चाङ्ग पृष्ठहरूले ठ्याक्कै सुरु र अन्त्य समय देखाउँछन्।
The Panchang uses the sidereal zodiac, measured against the stars. The 'ayanamsa' is the small angle between that and the tropical (seasonal) zodiac. Because Earth's axis wobbles very slowly (precession, about 50 arc-seconds a year), the ayanamsa grows and is about 24.2° in 2026 on the Lahiri standard Astavya uses.